Climate | We have desert; hot, dry; rainfall sparse and erratic |
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Revenue from forest resources | 0.47% of GDP (2018 est.) |
Revenue from coal | 0% of GDP (2018 est.) |
Waste and recycling | Municipal solid waste generated annually: 256,729 tons (1993 est.) |
Total renewable water resources | 39.91 billion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Major rivers (by length in km) | Zambezi (shared with Zambia [s]), Angola, Botswana, Zimbabwe, and Mozambique [m]) - 2,740 km; Orange river mouth (shared with Lesotho [s], and South Africa) - 2,092 km; Okavango (shared with Angola [s], and Botswana [m]) - 1,600 km note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth |
Total water withdrawal | |
Municipal | 70 million cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Industrial | 10 million cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Agricultural | 201 million cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Air pollutants | |
Particulate matter emissions | 11.81 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.) |
Carbon dioxide emissions | 4.23 megatons (2016 est.) |
Methane emissions | 10.4 megatons (2020 est.) |
Land Use | |
Agricultural land | 47.2% (2018 est.) |
Agricultural land: arable land | arable land: 1% (2018 est.) |
Agricultural land: permanent crops | permanent crops: 0% (2018 est.) |
Agricultural land: permanent pasture | permanent pasture: 46.2% (2018 est.) |
Forest | 8.8% (2018 est.) |
Other | 44% (2018 est.) |
Urbanization | |
Urban population | 54.9% of total population (2023) |
Rate of urbanization | 3.64% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
Major urban areas (Pop) | 477,000 WINDHOEK (capital) (2023). |
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