Uzbekistan - Geography

Here, let us take a look at the Geography of Uzbekistan. Along with Liechtenstein, one of the only two doubly landlocked countries in the world. Mother's mean age at first birth is 23.7 years (2019 est.) (), whereas, the Maternal mortality ratio is 30 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

Geographical data of Uzbekistan
Location Central Asia, north of Turkmenistan, south of Kazakhstan
Geographic coordinates 41 00 N, 64 00 E
Map references Asia
Tarrain mostly flat-to-rolling sandy desert with dunes; broad, flat intensely irrigated river valleys along course of Amu Darya, Syr Darya (Sirdaryo), and Zaravshan; Fergana Valley in east surrounded by mountainous Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan; shrinking Aral Sea in west
Natural Resources natural gas, petroleum, coal, gold, uranium, silver, copper, lead and zinc, tungsten, molybdenum
Natural Hazards earthquakes; floods; landslides or mudslides; avalanches; droughts
Irrigated Land 37,320 sq km (2020)
Major rivers (by length in km) Syr Darya (shared with Kyrgyzstan [s], Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan [m]) - 3,078 km; Amu Darya river mouth (shared with Tajikistan [s], Afghanistan, and Turkmenistan) - 2,620 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Major aquifers
Land Boundaries 6,893 km
Border Countries Afghanistan 144 km; Kazakhstan 2,330 km; Kyrgyzstan 1,314 km; Tajikistan 1,312 km; Turkmenistan 1,793 km
Coastline 0 km (doubly landlocked); note - Uzbekistan includes the southern portion of the Aral Sea with a 420 km shoreline
Climate mostly mid-latitude desert, long, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid grassland in east
Area
Total Area
Land Area 425,400 sq km
Water Area 22,000 sq km
comparative Area about four times the size of Virginia; slightly larger than California
Maritime Claims
Elevations
Highest point Xazrat Sulton Tog' 4,643 m
Lowest point Sariqamish Kuli -12 m
Land Use
Agricultural land 62.6% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: arable land arable land: 10.1% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent crops permanent crops: 0.8% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent pasture permanent pasture: 51.7% (2018 est.)
Forest 7.7% (2018 est.)
Other 29.7% (2018 est.)
Population Distribution

Most of the population is concentrated in the fertile Fergana Valley in the easternmost arm of the country; the south has significant clusters of people, while the central and western deserts are sparsely populated

People and Society

In Uzbekistan, the different Ethnic groups are such that we have: Uzbek 83.8%, Tajik 4.8%, Kazakh 2.5%, Russian 2.3%, Karakalpak 2.2%, Tatar 1.5%, other 2.9% (2017 est.)

Population
Pop growth rate 1.43% (2024 est.)
Birth rate 20.5 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Death rate 5.1 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Health expenditure 6.8% of GDP (2020)
Physicians Density
Hospital bed Density 4 beds/1,000 population (2014)
Total fertility rate 2.76 children born/woman (2024 est.)
Gross reproduction rate 1.33 (2024 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate NA
Est married women (ages 15-49) 68.6% (2023 est.)
Literacy age 15 and over can read and write
Education expenditures 4.9% of GDP (2020 est.)
Net Migration rate -1.1 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Nationality Uzbekistani | Uzbekistani
Languages
Religions Muslim 88% (mostly Sunni), Eastern Orthodox 9%, other 3%
Age Structure
0-14 years 29.6% (male 5,597,947/female 5,213,403)
15-64 years 63.7% (male 11,649,017/female 11,617,411)
65 years and over 6.7% (2024 est.) (male 1,077,849/female 1,364,966)
Dependency Ratios
Total dependency ratio 54
Youth dependency ratio 46.3
Elderly dependency ratio 7.2
Potential support ratio 13 (2021 est.)
Median Age
Total 28.9 years (2024 est.)
Male 28.1 years
Female 29.8 years
Urbanization
Urban population 50.5% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization 1.25% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas (Pop) 2.603 million TASHKENT (capital) (2023).
Sex Ratio
At birth 1.08 male(s)/female
0-14 years 1.07 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.79 male(s)/female
Total population 1.01 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Infant Motality
Total 18.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
Male 21.1 deaths/1,000 live births
Female 15.1 deaths/1,000 live births
Life Expectancy at birth
Total population 76.2 years (2024 est.)
Male 73.6 years
Female 79 years
Drinking Water Sources
Improved: urban urban: 99.6% of population
Improved: rural rural: 96.1% of population
Improved: total total: 97.8% of population
Unimproved: urban urban: 0.4% of population
Unimproved: rural rural: 3.9% of population
Unimproved: total total: 2.2% of population (2020 est.)
Sanitation facility acess
Improved: urban urban: 100% of population
Improved: rural rural: 100% of population
Improved: total total: 100% of population
Unimproved: urban urban: 0% of population
Unimproved: rural rural: 0% of population
Unimproved: total total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
Total 2.45 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Beer 0.18 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine 0.09 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits 2.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
Total 17.6% (2020 est.)
Male 34% (2020 est.)
Female 1.1% (2020 est.)
Child marriage
Women married by age 15 0.2%
Women married by age 18 3.4% (2022 est.)
Demographic profile
All Important Facts about Uzbekistan

Want to know more about Uzbekistan? Check all different factbooks for Uzbekistan below.

Uzbekistan is found in Central Asia