Goat (north), lion (south); national colors: blue, yellow, red.
Title | "La Tchadienne" (The Chadian) |
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Lyric/music | Louis GIDROL and his students/Paul VILLARD |
Date of Independence | 11 August 1960 (from France) |
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National holiday | Independence Day, 11 August (1960) |
Legal system | mixed legal system of civil and customary law |
International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction |
Constitution | |
History | Several previous; latest adopted by National Transitional Council 27 June 2023, approved by referendum 17 December, verified by Chad Supreme Court 28 December, promulgated 1 January 2024 |
Amendments | Previous process: proposed as a revision by the president of the republic after a Council of Ministers (cabinet) decision or by the National Assembly; approval for consideration of a revision requires at least three-fifths majority vote by the Assembly; passage requires approval by referendum or at least two-thirds majority vote by the Assembly |
Citizenship | |
Citizenship by birth | no |
Citizenship by descent only | both parents must be citizens of Chad |
Dual citizenship recognized | Chadian law does not address dual citizenship |
Residency requirement for naturalization | 15 years |
Executive Branch | |
Chief of state | President Mahamat Idriss DÉBY (since 6 May 2024) |
Head of government | Prime Minister Allamaye HALINA (since 23 May 2024) |
Cabinet | Council of Ministers |
Elections/appointments | president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 6 May 2024 (next to be held NA) |
Election results | 2024: Mahamat Idriss DÉBY elected president; percent of vote - Mahamat Idriss DÉBY (MPS) 61%, Succes MASRA (Transformers) 18.5%, Albert PADACKE 16.9%, other 3.6% 2021: Lt. Gen. Idriss DÉBY reelected transitional president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DÉBY (MPS) 79.3%, Pahimi PADACKET Albert (RNDT) 10.3%, Lydie BEASSEMDA (Party for Democracy and Independence) 3.2%, other 7.2% |
Legislative branch | |
Description | Bicameral Parliament to replace unicameral National Assembly and to consist of: Senate - representing the Autonomous Communities - NA seats (members indirectly elected by electoral college of provincial and communal councilors for 6-year renewable terms) National Assembly NA seats (members directly elected by popular vote to serve 5-year renewable terms) |
Elections | Last held for National Assembly on 6 May 2011 (first elections for new Parliament expected in October 2024) |
Election results | 6 May 2011: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 64, women 29, percent of women 31.2% |
Judicial branch | |
Highest court(s) | Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, 3 chamber presidents, and 12 judges or councilors and divided into 3 chambers); Supreme Council of the Judiciary (consists of the Judiciary president, vice president and 13 members) |
Judge selection and term of office | Supreme Court chief justice selected by the president; councilors - 8 designated by the president and 7 by the speaker of the National Assembly; chief justice and councilors appointed for life; Supreme Council of the Judiciary - with the exception of the Judiciary president and vice president, members are elected for single renewable 4-year terms |
Subordinate courts | High Court of Justice; Courts of Appeal; tribunals; justices of the peace |
Diplomatic representation in the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador KITOKO GATA Ngoulou (since 30 June 2023) |
Chancery | 2401 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 |
Telephone | [1] (202) 652-1312 |
FAX | [1] (202) 578-0431 |
Email address and website | [email protected] https://chadembassy.us/ |
Diplomatic representation from the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador Alexander LASKARIS (since 19 August 2022) |
Embassy | Rond-Point Chagoua, B.P. 413, N’Djamena |
Mailing address | 2410 N'Djamena Place, Washington DC 20521-2410 |
Telephone | [235] 2251-5017 |
FAX | [235] 2253-9102 |
Email address and website | [email protected] https://td.usembassy.gov/ |
National heritage | |
Total World Heritage Sites | 2 (1 natural, 1 mixed) |
Selected World Heritage Site locales | Lakes of Ounianga (n); Ennedi Massif: Natural and Cultural Landscape (m) |
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