Chad - Government
Based on the etymolgy of Chad, it was named for Lake Chad, which lies along the country's western border; the word "tsade" means "large body of water" or "lake" in several local native languages. The Government system in this country is the presidential republic type and the different Administrative divisions includes: 23 provinces (provinces, singular - province); Barh-El-Gazel, Batha, Borkou, Chari-Baguirmi, Ennedi-Est, Ennedi-Ouest, Guera, Hadjer-Lamis, Kanem, Lac, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mandoul, Mayo-Kebbi-Est, Mayo-Kebbi-Ouest, Moyen-Chari, N'Djamena, Ouaddai, Salamat, Sila, Tandjile, Tibesti, Wadi-Fira
National symbols

Goat (north), lion (south); national colors: blue, yellow, red.

The flag
The National flag of Chad has three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), gold, and red; the flag combines the blue and red French (former colonial) colors with the red and yellow (gold) of the Pan-African colors; blue symbolizes the sky, hope, and the south of the country, which is relatively well-watered; gold represents the sun, as well as the desert in the north of the country; red stands for progress, unity, and sacrifice.
The National Anthem
Title "La Tchadienne" (The Chadian)
Lyric/music Louis GIDROL and his students/Paul VILLARD
More about the government of Chad
Date of Independence 11 August 1960 (from France)
National holiday Independence Day, 11 August (1960)
Legal system mixed legal system of civil and customary law
International law organization participation has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Constitution
History Several previous; latest adopted by National Transitional Council 27 June 2023, approved by referendum 17 December, verified by Chad Supreme Court 28 December, promulgated 1 January 2024
Amendments Previous process: proposed as a revision by the president of the republic after a Council of Ministers (cabinet) decision or by the National Assembly; approval for consideration of a revision requires at least three-fifths majority vote by the Assembly; passage requires approval by referendum or at least two-thirds majority vote by the Assembly
Citizenship
Citizenship by birth no
Citizenship by descent only both parents must be citizens of Chad
Dual citizenship recognized Chadian law does not address dual citizenship
Residency requirement for naturalization 15 years
Executive Branch
Chief of state President Mahamat Idriss DÉBY (since 6 May 2024)
Head of government Prime Minister Allamaye HALINA (since 23 May 2024)
Cabinet Council of Ministers
Elections/appointments president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (no term limits); election last held on 6 May 2024 (next to be held NA)
Election results
2024:
Mahamat Idriss DÉBY elected president; percent of vote - Mahamat Idriss DÉBY (MPS) 61%, Succes MASRA (Transformers) 18.5%, Albert PADACKE 16.9%, other 3.6%

2021:
Lt. Gen. Idriss DÉBY reelected transitional president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DÉBY (MPS) 79.3%, Pahimi PADACKET Albert (RNDT) 10.3%, Lydie BEASSEMDA (Party for Democracy and Independence) 3.2%, other 7.2%

Legislative branch
Description Bicameral Parliament to replace unicameral National Assembly and to consist of:
Senate - representing the Autonomous Communities - NA seats (members indirectly elected by electoral college of provincial and communal councilors for 6-year renewable terms)
National Assembly NA seats (members directly elected by popular vote to serve 5-year renewable terms)
Elections Last held for National Assembly on 6 May 2011 (first elections for new Parliament expected in October 2024)
Election results 6 May 2011:  percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; composition - men 64, women 29, percent of women 31.2%
Judicial branch
Highest court(s) Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, 3 chamber presidents, and 12 judges or councilors and divided into 3 chambers); Supreme Council of the Judiciary (consists of the Judiciary president, vice president and 13 members)
Judge selection and term of office Supreme Court chief justice selected by the president; councilors - 8 designated by the president and 7 by the speaker of the National Assembly; chief justice and councilors appointed for life; Supreme Council of the Judiciary - with the exception of the Judiciary president and vice president, members are elected for single renewable 4-year terms
Subordinate courts High Court of Justice; Courts of Appeal; tribunals; justices of the peace
Diplomatic representation in the US
Chief of mission Ambassador KITOKO GATA Ngoulou (since 30 June 2023)
Chancery 2401 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
Telephone [1] (202) 652-1312
FAX [1] (202) 578-0431
Email address and website
[email protected]

https://chadembassy.us/
Diplomatic representation from the US
Chief of mission Ambassador Alexander LASKARIS (since 19 August 2022)
Embassy Rond-Point Chagoua, B.P. 413, N’Djamena
Mailing address 2410 N'Djamena Place, Washington DC  20521-2410
Telephone [235] 2251-5017
FAX [235] 2253-9102
Email address and website
[email protected]

https://td.usembassy.gov/
National heritage
Total World Heritage Sites 2 (1 natural, 1 mixed)
Selected World Heritage Site locales Lakes of Ounianga (n); Ennedi Massif: Natural and Cultural Landscape (m)
Key Political parties and their leaders in Chad
  • International organization participation
  • ACP
  • AfDB
  • AU
  • BDEAC
  • CEMAC
  • EITI (compliant country)
  • FAO
  • FZ
  • G-77
  • IAEA
  • IBRD
  • ICAO
  • ICCt
  • ICRM
  • IDA
  • IDB
  • IFAD
  • IFC
  • IFRCS
  • ILO
  • IMF
  • Interpol
  • IOC
  • IOM
  • IPU
  • ITSO
  • ITU
  • ITUC (NGOs)
  • LCBC
  • MIGA
  • MNJTF
  • NAM
  • OIC
  • OIF
  • OPCW
  • UN
  • UNCTAD
  • UNESCO
  • UNIDO
  • UNOCI
  • UNOOSA
  • UNWTO
  • UPU
  • WCO
  • WHO
  • WIPO
  • WMO
  • WTO
  • All Important Facts about Chad

    Want to know more about Chad? Check all different factbooks for Chad below.

    Chad is found in Middle Africa