New Caledonia - Government
Based on the etymolgy of New Caledonia, it was the name came from British explorer Captain James COOK in 1774 and uses the Latin name for Scotland, Caledonia. The Government system in this country is the parliamentary democracy (Territorial Congress); an overseas collectivity of France type and the different Administrative divisions includes: 3 provinces; Province Iles (Islands Province), Province Nord (North Province), and Province Sud (South Province)
National symbols

Flèche faîtière (native rooftop adornment), kagu bird.

The flag
The National flag of New Caledonia has .
The National Anthem
Title
Lyric/music
More about the government of New Caledonia
Date of Independence none (overseas collectivity of France)
National holiday Fête de la Fédération, 14 July (1790)
Legal system civil law system based on French civil law
International law organization participation
Constitution
History 4 October 1958 (French Constitution with changes as reflected in the Noumea Accord of 5 May 1998)
Amendment process French constitution amendment procedures apply
Citizenship
Executive Branch
Chief of state President Emmanuel MACRON (since 14 May 2017); represented by High Commissioner Jacques BILLANT (since 3 May 2025)
Head of government President of the Government Alcide PONGA (since 8 January 2025)
Cabinet Cabinet elected from and by the Territorial Congress
Election/appointment process French president directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of New Caledonia elected by Territorial Congress for a 5-year term (no term limits)
Most recent election date 8 July 2021
Election results
2025: Alcide PONGA (The Republicans) elected president by Territorial Congress with 6 of 11 votes

2021: Louis MAPOU (PALIKA) elected president by Territorial Congress with 6 of 11 votes
Expected date of next election 2026
Legislative branch
Legislature name Territorial Congress (Congrès du Territoire)
Legislative structure Unicameral
Number of seats 54 (indirectly elected)
Electoral system Proportional representation
Scope of elections Full renewal
Term in office 5 years
Most recent election date 5/12/2019
Parties elected and seats per party Future With Confidence 18, UNI 9, UC 9, CE 7, FLNKS 6, Oceanic Awakening 3, PT 1, LKS 1 (Anti-Independence 28, Pro-Independence 26)
Expected date of next election December 2025
Judicial branch
Highest court(s) Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; organized into civil, commercial, social, and pre-trial investigation chambers; court bench normally includes the court president and 2 counselors); Administrative Court (number of judges NA)
Judge selection and term of office Judge appointment and tenure based on France's judicial system
Subordinate courts Courts of First Instance include: civil, juvenile, commercial, labor, police, criminal, assizes, and also a pre-trial investigation chamber; Joint Commerce Tribunal; administrative courts
Diplomatic representation in the US
Diplomatic representation from the US
Embassy None (overseas territory of France)
National heritage
Total World Heritage Sites 1 (natural); note - excerpted from the France entry
Selected World Heritage Site locales Lagoons of New Caledonia
Key Political parties and their leaders in New Caledonia
    • International organization participation
  • ITUC (NGOs)
  • PIF
  • SPC
  • UPU
  • WFTU (NGOs)
  • WMO
    • All Important Facts about New Caledonia

    Want to know more about New Caledonia? Check all different factbooks for New Caledonia below.

    New Caledonia is found in Melanesia