In Iceland,
Iceland was one of the original 12 countries to sign the North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) in 1949;
Iceland is the only NATO member that has no standing military force; defense of
Iceland remains a NATO commitment and NATO maintains an air policing presence in Icelandic airspace;
Iceland participates in international peacekeeping missions with the civilian-manned Icelandic Crisis Response Unit (ICRU)
Iceland cooperates with the militaries of other Nordic countries through the Nordic Defense Cooperation (NORDEFCO, established 2009), which consists of
Denmark,
Finland,
Iceland,
Norway, and
Sweden; areas of cooperation include armaments, education, human resources, training and exercises, and operations
in 1951,
Iceland and the US concluded an agreement to make arrangements regarding the defense of
Iceland and for the use of facilities in
Iceland to that end; the agreement, along with NATO membership, is one of the two pillars of
Iceland‘s security policy; since 2007
Iceland has concluded cooperation agreements with
Canada,
Denmark,
Norway, and the UK which entail dialogue on security and defense issues as well as situational awareness and search and rescue; it also has regular consultations with
Germany and
France (2025)