Lak phrasebook Voyage Tips and guide

Contents

The Lak language(lakku maz) is spoken in Dagestan, North Caucasus, Russia. It is the language of the Lak people. Lak is the official language in the Republic of Dagestan in the Russian Federation. It is a vulnerable language that has very few native speakers and is in danger of dying out. It belongs to the Nakh-Dagestan language family. The Lak language was written using the Arabic alphabet until 1928. From 1928 to 1938, it was written using the Latin alphabet. Since 1938, it has been written using the Cyrillic alphabet. It is one of the indigenous written mountain languages of Dagestan, and has many dialects.

А ah

- a, ā [a, aː]

Аь aeh

- a̱ [aˁ]

Е yeh

- ǝ̱ [ɨˁ]

Ё yoh

- –

И ee

- i [i]

О oh

-

Оь eu

- o̱ [oˁ]

У oo

- u [u]

Ы yh

-

Э eh

- ǝ̱ [ɨˁ]

Ю yoo

- o̱ [oˁ]

Я yah

- a̱ [aˁ]

Б b

- b [b]

В v

- w [w]

Г g

- g [ɡ]

Гъ gkhr

- ġ [ʁ]

Гь hae

- h [h]

Д d

- d [d]

Ж zh

- ž [ʒ

З z

- z [z]

Й y

j [j]

К k

- k [kʻ]

Кк gk

- k [kʻ]

Къ kh

- q̄ [qː

Кь gkh

- q̇ [qʼ]

КI gkheh

- ḳ [kʼ]

Л l

- l [l]

М m

- m [m]

Н n

- n [n]

П p

- p [pʻ]

Пп pp

- p̄ [pː]

ПI bh

- ṗ [pʼ]

Р r

- r [r]

С s

- s [s]

Сс ss

- s̄ [sː]

Т t

- t [tʻ]

Тт dtkh

- t̄ [tː]

ТI tkh

- ṭ [tʼ]

Ф f

-

Х kh

- x [x]

Хх kgh

- χ̄ [χː]

Хъ ghh

- q [qʻ]

Хь khh

- x [x]

ХьХь ghgh

- x̄ [xː]

ХI h

- ḥ [ħ]

Ц ts

- c [tsʻ]

Цц dts

- c̄ [tsː]

ЦI dtskh

-  [tsʼ]

Ч ch

- č [tʃʻ]

Чч chch

- č̄ [tʃː]

ЧI chkh

- č̣ [tʃʼ]

Ш sh

- š [ʃ]

Щ sch

- š̄ [ʃː

Ъ

hard sign

- ʾ [ʔ]

Ь

soft sign

Common foods Bread - ЧчатI (CHADT) Meat - ДикI (DIGK) Flour - иникIма (i - NIK - ma) Khinkal - ххукIру ((Dagestan's National Dish) (KHOON-khroo) Pelmeni, Varenyky - бувцIу ххункIру (BOOV-tsoo KHOON-khroo) Stuffed cabbages/Bell pepper - долма (DOHL-ma) Soup - накь (NAGK) Carrot - къур (KHOOR) Cabbage - калан (kga-LAAN) Potato - нущи (NOO-schi) Beetroot - чIикIунтIa (ch-ee-GKOON-dta)

Hello (in the morning).

Израв - to men (IZ-rov)

Дизрав - to women (DIZ-rov)

Бизрав - to girls (BIZ-rov)

Бизрув - to multiple people (BIZ-roov)

Hello. (other times of the day)

салам алейкум (sa-LAM a-LEI-koom)

Hello. (in response to the previous)

ва алейкум ассалам (va a-LEI-koom a-sa-LAM )

How are you?

Цукун урав? - to men (tsoo-KOON oo-RAV)

Цукун дурав? - to women (tsoo-KOON doo-RAV)

Цукун бурав? - to girls (tsoo-KOON boo-RAV)

Цукун бурув? - to multiple people (tsoo-KOON boo-ROOV)

What is your name?

Вил цIа цири? (VIL TSA tsi-RI)

My name is ______ .

Ттул цIa __. (too-ll ts ahh)

Nice to meet you.

КIулширия Ххарира (khool-shi-ri-ah khwa-ri-ra)

Please.

Миннатри (min-na-tri)

Thank you.

Барчаллагь (bar-cha-lagkhh)

You're welcome.

За бакъар (ZA bak-gkarr)

Yes.

Да (DA)

No.

Акъар - to men (ak-GKAR)

Дакъар - to women (dak-GKAR)

Бакъар - to girls (bak-GKAR)

I'm sorry.

Багьишла ити - to men (ba-GHI-shla ih-TI)

Багьишла дити - to women (ba-GHI-shla dih-TI)

Багьишла бити - to girls (ba-GHI-shla bih-TI)

Goodbye

Цалсса (TSAL-ssa)

See you later

Хьуна бакьиннин (KHOO-na bakh-IN-nin)

left

Хъюччайнмай (gkhuh-CHA-in-maai)

right

УрчIайнмай (oor-CHA-in-maai)

Help!

Кумаг барa (KOO-mag BAA-ra)

Look out!

Мугъаятну (moo-GHA-yeth-noo)

Good

Ххуйну (khooi-NOO)

Bad

Оьккину (ou-ki-noo)

Good night.

Хьхьу хъинну (KHOO gki-NOO)

I don't understand.

Ттун къабучIлай бур (DTOON ga-BOO-ch-lai BOOR)

Where is the toilet?

Туалет чу бури (tua-LYEHT CHOO boo-RI)

Leave me alone.

На паракьатну итира/битира/дитира [to men/to women/to girls]

Don't touch me!

ттуйн ка мащару.

I'll call the police.

на полициялийн оьв чинна.

Police!

Полиция!

Stop! Thief!

ацIу! цуркуй!

I need your help.

Ттун кумаг аьркинни.

It's an emergency.

Ва анаварну аьркинссар.

I'm lost.

на аьйкьура/бяйкьура/дяйкьура. [to men/to women/to girls]

I lost my bag.

Ттул сумка бакъа хьунни.

I lost my wallet.

Ттул кошелек бакъа хьунни.

I'm sick.

На къашабай ура.

I've been injured.

Ттуйн щабу динни.

I need a doctor.

Ттун доктор аьркинни.

Can I use your phone?

Вил телефонналиба оьв чин бучIирив?

1

Ца:

2

кIий:

3

шан:

4

мукь:

5

ххюв:

6

рях:

7

арул:

8

мяй:

9

урчl:

10

ацI:

11

ацIния ца

12

ацIния кIий

13

ацIния шан

14

ацIния мукь

15

ацIния ххюв

16

ацIния рях

17

ацIния арул

18

ацIния мяй

19

ацIния урчI

20

кьу

21

кьуния ца

22

кьуния кIий

23

кьуния шан

30

зуби

31

зубилли ца

40

мукьчIал

41

мукьчIалли ца

50

ххюцIал

51

ххюцIалли ца

60

ряхцIал

61

ряхцIалли ца

70

арулцIал

80

мяйцIал

90

урчIал

100

ттурш

101

ттуршли ца

200

кIиттурш

300

шанттурш

400

мукьттурш

1000

азар

1001

азарлий ца

азарлий ца; number _____ (train, bus, etc.)

( )

half

( )

less

( )

more

( )

now

( )

later

( )

before

( )

morning

( )

afternoon

( )

evening

( )

night

( )

one o'clock AM

( )

two o'clock AM

( )

noon

( )

one o'clock PM

( )

two o'clock PM

( )

midnight

( )

_____ minute(s)

( )

_____ hour(s)

( )

_____ day(s)

( )

_____ week(s)

( )

_____ month(s)

( )

_____ year(s)

( )

today

( )

yesterday

( )

tomorrow

( )

this week

( )

last week

( )

next week

( )

Sunday

( )

Monday

( )

Tuesday

( )

Wednesday

( )

Thursday

( )

Friday

( )

Saturday

( )

January

( )

February

( )

March

( )

April

( )

May

( )

June

( )

July

( )

August

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September

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October

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November

( )

December

( )

black

( )

white

( )

gray

( )

red

( )

blue

( )

yellow

( )

green

( )

orange

( )

purple

( )

brown

( )

How much is a ticket to _____?

( )

One ticket to _____, please.

( )

Where does this train/bus go?

( )

Where is the train/bus to _____?

( )

Does this train/bus stop in _____?

( )

When does the train/bus for _____ leave?

( )

When will this train/bus arrive in _____?

( )

How do I get to _____ ?

( )

...the train station?

( )

...the bus station?

( )

...the airport?

( )

...downtown?

( )

...the youth hostel?

( )

...the _____ hotel?

( )

...the American/Canadian/Australian/British consulate?

( )

Where are there a lot of...

( )

...hotels?

( )

...restaurants?

( )

...bars?

( )

...sites to see?

( )

Can you show me on the map?

( )

street

( )

Turn left.

( )

Turn right.

( )

left

( )

right

( )

straight ahead

( )

towards the _____

( )

past the _____

( )

before the _____

( )

Watch for the _____.

( )

intersection

( )

north

( )

south

( )

east

( )

west

( )

uphill

( )

downhill

( )

Taxi!

( )

Take me to _____, please.

( )

How much does it cost to get to _____?

( )

Take me there, please.

( )

Do you have any rooms available?

( )

How much is a room for one person/two people?

( )

Does the room come with...

( )

...bedsheets?

( )

...a bathroom?

( )

...a telephone?

( )

...a TV?

( )

May I see the room first?

( )

Do you have anything quieter?

( )

...bigger?

( )

...cleaner?

( )

...cheaper?

( )

OK, I'll take it.

( )

I will stay for _____ night(s).

( )

Can you suggest another hotel?

( )

Do you have a safe?

( )

...lockers?

( )

Is breakfast/supper included?

( )

What time is breakfast/supper?

( )

Please clean my room.

( )

Can you wake me at _____?

( )

I want to check out.

( )

Do you accept American/Australian/Canadian dollars?

( )

Do you accept British pounds?

( )

Do you accept Euros?

( )

Do you accept credit cards?

( )

Can you change money for me?

( )

Where can I get money changed?

( )

Can you change a traveler's check for me?

( )

Where can I get a traveler's check changed?

( )

What is the exchange rate?

( )

Where is an automatic teller machine (ATM)?

( )

A table for one person/two people, please.

( )

Can I look at the menu, please?

( )

Can I look in the kitchen?

( )

Is there a house specialty?

( )

Is there a local specialty?

( )

I'm a vegetarian.

( )

I don't eat pork.

( )

I don't eat beef.

( )

I only eat kosher food.

( )

Can you make it "lite", please? (less oil/butter/lard)

( )

fixed-price meal

( )

a la carte

( )

breakfast

( )

lunch

( )

tea (meal)

( )

supper

( )

I want _____.

( )

I want a dish containing _____.

( )

chicken

( )

beef

( )

fish

( )

ham

( )

sausage

( )

cheese

( )

eggs

( )

salad

( )

(fresh) vegetables

( )

(fresh) fruit

( )

bread

( )

toast

( )

noodles

( )

rice

( )

beans

( )

May I have a glass of _____?

( )

May I have a cup of _____?

( )

May I have a bottle of _____?

( )

coffee

( )

tea (drink)

( )

juice

( )

(bubbly) water

( )

(still) water

( )

beer

( )

red/white wine

( )

May I have some _____?

( )

salt

( )

black pepper

( )

butter

( )

Excuse me, waiter? (getting attention of server)

( )

I'm finished.

( )

It was delicious.

( )

Please clear the plates.

( )

The check, please.

( )

Do you serve alcohol?

( )

Is there table service?

( )

A beer/two beers, please.

( )

A glass of red/white wine, please.

( )

A pint, please.

( )

A bottle, please.

( )

_____ (hard liquor) and _____ (mixer), please.

( )

whiskey

( )

vodka

( )

rum

( )

water

( )

club soda

( )

tonic water

( )

orange juice

( )

Coke (soda)

( )

Do you have any bar snacks?

( )

One more, please.

( )

Another round, please.

( )

When is closing time?

( )

Cheers!

( )

Do you have this in my size?

( )

How much is this?

( )

That's too expensive.

( )

Would you take _____?

( )

expensive

( )

cheap

( )

I can't afford it.

( )

I don't want it.

( )

You're cheating me.

( )

I'm not interested.

(..)

OK, I'll take it.

( )

Can I have a bag?

( )

Do you ship (overseas)?

( )

I need...

( )

...toothpaste.

( )

...a toothbrush.

( )

...tampons.

. ( )

...soap.

( )

...shampoo.

( )

...pain reliever. (e.g., aspirin or ibuprofen)

( )

...cold medicine.

( )

...stomach medicine.

... ( )

...a razor.

( )

...an umbrella.

( )

...sunblock lotion.

( )

...a postcard.

( )

...postage stamps.

( )

...batteries.

( )

...writing paper.

( )

...a pen.

( )

...English-language books.

( )

...English-language magazines.

( )

...an English-language newspaper.

( )

...an English-English dictionary.

( )

I want to rent a car.

( )

Can I get insurance?

( )

stop (on a street sign)

( )

one way

( )

yield

( )

no parking

( )

speed limit

( )

gas (petrol) station

( )

petrol

( )

diesel

( )

I haven't done anything wrong.

( )

It was a misunderstanding.

( )

Where are you taking me?

( )

Am I under arrest?

( )

I am an American/Australian/British/Canadian citizen.

( )

I want to talk to the American/Australian/British/Canadian embassy/consulate.

( )

I want to talk to a lawyer.

( )

Can I just pay a fine now?

( )