Cuba - Economy
How is the economy of Cuba? Based on the information we have, Cuba has a still largely state-run planned economy, although privatization increasing under new constitution; widespread protests due to lack of basic necessities and electricity; massive foreign investment increases recently; known tobacco exporter; unique oil-for-doctors relationship with Venezuela; widespread corruption. Key agricultural products in this country include: sugarcane, cassava, plantains, vegetables, mangoes/guavas, milk, pumpkins/squash, tomatoes, sweet potatoes, bananas (2022).
More about the economy of Cuba
Labor force 5.317 million (2023 est.)
Industrial production growth rate -6.73% (2022 est.)
Industries petroleum, nickel, cobalt, pharmaceuticals, tobacco, construction, steel, cement, agricultural machinery, sugar
Population below poverty line
Taxes and other revenues 58.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
Fiscal year
Exchange rates
Currency Cuban pesos (CUP) per US dollar -
Exchange rates 2023 24 (2023 est.)
Exchange rates 2022 24 (2022 est.)
Exchange rates 2021 24 (2021 est.)
Exchange rates 2020 1 (2020 est.)
Exchange rates 2019 1 (2019 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2017 $11.35 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold 31 December 2016 $12.3 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
Current account balance
Current account balance 2017 $985.4 million (2017 est.)
Current account balance 2016 $2.008 billion (2016 est.)
Public debt
Public debt 2017 47.7% of GDP (2017 est.)
Budget
Revenues $54.52 billion (2017 est.)
Expenditures $64.64 billion (2017 est.)
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
Imports
Imports 2020 $8.067 billion (2020 est.)
Imports 2019 $10.971 billion (2019 est.)
Imports 2018 $12.567 billion (2018 est.)
Imports (partners) Spain 23%, China 12%, US 10%, Brazil 8%, Netherlands 6% (2022)
Comodities Imports force poultry, wheat, milk, plastic products, soybean oil (2022)
Exports
Imports 2020 $8.067 billion (2020 est.)
Imports 2019 $10.971 billion (2019 est.)
Imports 2018 $12.567 billion (2018 est.)
Exports (partners) China 40%, Spain 13%, Germany 5%, Portugal 4%, Switzerland 4% (2022)
Comodities Exports force tobacco, nickel, zinc ore, liquor, raw sugar (2022)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2017 $137 billion (2017 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2016 $134.8 billion (2016 est.)
Real GDP (purchasing power parity) 2015 $134.2 billion (2015 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate) $107.352 billion (2020 est.)
Real GDP Per capita
Real GDP per capita 2016 $12,300 (2016 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2015 $12,200 (2015 est.)
Real GDP per capita 2014 $12,100 (2014 est.)
GDP - composition, by sector of origin
Agriculture 0.8% (2022 est.)
Industry 23.8% (2022 est.)
Services 74.6% (2022 est.)
GDP - composition, by end use
Household consumption 59.6% (2022 est.)
Government consumption 32.5% (2022 est.)
Investment in fixed capital 11.5% (2022 est.)
Investment in inventories 5.1% (2022 est.)
Exports of goods and services 40% (2022 est.)
Imports of goods and services -48.8% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate
Unemployment rate 2023 1.16% (2023 est.)
Unemployment rate 2022 1.25% (2022 est.)
Unemployment rate 2021 1.37% (2021 est.)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
Total 3% (2023 est.)
Male 3.3% (2023 est.)
Female 2.5% (2023 est.)
All Important Facts about Cuba

Want to know more about Cuba? Check all different factbooks for Cuba below.

Cuba is found in Caribbean