Climate | We have continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and semiarid |
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Revenue from forest resources | |
Revenue from coal | |
Waste and recycling | Municipal solid waste generated annually: 4.66 million tons (2024 est.) |
Total renewable water resources | 108.41 billion cubic meters (2022 est.) |
Major rivers (by length in km) | |
Total water withdrawal | |
Municipal | 4.877 billion cubic meters (2022) |
Industrial | 5.995 billion cubic meters (2022) |
Agricultural | 14.264 billion cubic meters (2022) |
Land Use | |
Agricultural land | 79.4% (2022 est.) |
Agricultural land: arable land | arable land: 11% (2022 est.) |
Agricultural land: permanent crops | permanent crops: 0% (2022 est.) |
Agricultural land: permanent pasture | permanent pasture: 68.3% (2022 est.) |
Forest | 1.3% (2022 est.) |
Other | 19.3% (2022 est.) |
Urbanization | |
Urban population | 58.2% of total population (2023) |
Rate of urbanization | 1.19% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
Major urban areas (Pop) | 1.987 million Almaty, 1.291 million NUR-SULTAN (capital), 1.155 million Shimkent (2023). |
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