White falcon; national colors: red, yellow.
Title | "Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Mamlekettik Gimni" (National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic) |
---|---|
Lyric/music | Djamil SADYKOV and Eshmambet KULUEV/Nasyr DAVLESOV and Kalyi MOLDOBASANOV |
Date of Independence | 31 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union) |
---|---|
National holiday | Independence Day, 31 August (1991) |
Legal system | civil law system, which includes features of French civil law and Russian Federation laws |
International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt |
Constitution | |
History | Previous 1993, 2007, 2010; latest approved by referendum in April 2021 that transitioned Kyrgyzstan from a parliamentary to a presidential system, and implemented changes that allow the president to serve for two 5-year terms rather than one 6-year term, reduced the number of seats in Kyrgyzstan's legislature from 120 to 90, and established a Kurultay - a public advisory council |
Amendments | Proposed as a draft law by the majority of the Supreme Council membership or by petition of 300,000 voters; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Council membership in each of at least three readings of the draft two months apart; the draft may be submitted to a referendum if approved by two thirds of the Council membership; adoption requires the signature of the president |
Citizenship | |
Citizenship by birth | no |
Citizenship by descent only | at least one parent must be a citizen of Kyrgyzstan |
Dual citizenship recognized | yes, but only if a mutual treaty on dual citizenship is in force |
Residency requirement for naturalization | 5 years |
Executive Branch | |
Chief of state | President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021) |
Head of government | President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021) |
Cabinet | Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president |
Elections/appointments | president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 January 2021 (next to be held in 2027) |
Election results | 2021: Sadyr JAPAROV elected president in first round; percent of vote - Sadyr JAPAROV (Mekenchil) 79.2%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.8%, other 14% 2017: Sooronbay JEENBEKOV elected president; Sooronbay JEENBEKOV (Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan) 54.7%, Omurbek BABANOV (independent) 33.8%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.6%, other 4.9% |
Legislative branch | |
Description | Unicameral Supreme Council or Jogorku Kenesh (90 seats statutory, current 88; 54 seats allocated for proportional division among political party lists from the national vote and 36 seats allocated for candidates running in single-seat constituencies; members serve 5-year terms; parties must receive 5% of the vote to win seats in the Council) |
Elections | Last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held in 2026) |
Election results | Percent of vote by party - AJK 17.3%, Ishenim 15%, Yntymak 12.1%, Alyans 9.2%, Butun Kyrgyzstan 7.8%, Yiman Nuru 6.8%, other 30%; seats by party - AJK 15, Ishenim 12, Yntymak 9, Alyns 7, Butun Kyrgyzstan 6, Yiman Nuru 5, other 36; composition - men 70, women 19, percentage women 21.1% |
Judicial branch | |
Highest court(s) | Supreme Court (consists of 25 judges); Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (consists of the chairperson, deputy chairperson, and 9 judges) |
Judge selection and term of office | Supreme Court and Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president; Supreme Court judges serve for 10 years, Constitutional Court judges serve for 15 years; mandatory retirement at age 70 for judges of both courts |
Subordinate courts | Higher Court of Arbitration; oblast (provincial) and city courts |
Diplomatic representation in the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador (vacant); (since 26 October 2024) |
Chancery | 2360 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 |
Telephone | [1] (202) 449-9822 |
FAX | [1] (202) 449-8275 |
Email address and website | [email protected] Embassy of the Kyrgyz Republic in the USA and Canada (mfa.gov.kg) |
Diplomatic representation from the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador Lesslie VIGUERIE (since 29 December 2022) |
Embassy | 171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720016 |
Mailing address | 7040 Bishkek Place, Washington DC 20521-7040 |
Telephone | [996] (312) 597-000 |
FAX | [996] (312) 597-744 |
Email address and website | [email protected] https://kg.usembassy.gov/ |
National heritage | |
Total World Heritage Sites | 3 (2 cultural, 1 natural) |
Selected World Heritage Site locales | Sulaiman-Too Sacred Mountain (c); Silk Roads: the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor (c); Western Tien Shan (n) |
Want to know more about Kyrgyzstan? Check all different factbooks for Kyrgyzstan below.