Kyrgyzstan - Government
Based on the etymolgy of Kyrgyzstan, it was a combination of the Turkic words "kyrg" (forty) and "-yz" (tribes) with the Persian suffix "-stan" (country) creating the meaning "Land of the Forty Tribes"; the name refers to the 40 clans united by the mythic Kyrgyz hero, MANAS. The Government system in this country is the parliamentary republic type and the different Administrative divisions includes: 7 provinces (oblustar, singular - oblus) and 2 cities* (shaarlar, singular - shaar); Batken Oblusu, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblusu (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblusu, Naryn Oblusu, Osh Oblusu, Osh Shaary*, Talas Oblusu, Ysyk-Kol Oblusu (Karakol)
National symbols

White falcon; national colors: red, yellow.

The flag
The National flag of Kyrgyzstan has red field with a yellow sun in the center having 40 rays representing the 40 Kyrgyz tribes; on the obverse side the rays run counterclockwise, on the reverse, clockwise; in the center of the sun is a red ring crossed by two sets of three lines, a stylized representation of a "tunduk" - the crown of a traditional Kyrgyz yurt; red symbolizes bravery and valor, the sun evinces peace and wealth.
The National Anthem
Title "Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Mamlekettik Gimni" (National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic)
Lyric/music Djamil SADYKOV and Eshmambet KULUEV/Nasyr DAVLESOV and Kalyi MOLDOBASANOV
More about the government of Kyrgyzstan
Date of Independence 31 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union)
National holiday Independence Day, 31 August (1991)
Legal system civil law system, which includes features of French civil law and Russian Federation laws
International law organization participation has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Constitution
History Previous 1993, 2007, 2010; latest approved by referendum in April 2021 that transitioned Kyrgyzstan from a parliamentary to a presidential system, and implemented changes that allow the president to serve for two 5-year terms rather than one 6-year term, reduced the number of seats in Kyrgyzstan's legislature from 120 to 90, and established a Kurultay - a public advisory council
Amendments Proposed as a draft law by the majority of the Supreme Council membership or by petition of 300,000 voters; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Council membership in each of at least three readings of the draft two months apart; the draft may be submitted to a referendum if approved by two thirds of the Council membership; adoption requires the signature of the president
Citizenship
Citizenship by birth no
Citizenship by descent only at least one parent must be a citizen of Kyrgyzstan
Dual citizenship recognized yes, but only if a mutual treaty on dual citizenship is in force
Residency requirement for naturalization 5 years
Executive Branch
Chief of state President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021)
Head of government President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021)
Cabinet Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president
Elections/appointments president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 10 January 2021 (next to be held in 2027)
Election results
2021:
Sadyr JAPAROV elected president in first round; percent of vote - Sadyr JAPAROV (Mekenchil) 79.2%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.8%, other 14%

2017: Sooronbay JEENBEKOV elected president; Sooronbay JEENBEKOV (Social Democratic Party of Kyrgyzstan) 54.7%, Omurbek BABANOV (independent) 33.8%, Adakhan MADUMAROV (United Kyrgyzstan) 6.6%, other 4.9%
Legislative branch
Description Unicameral Supreme Council or Jogorku Kenesh (90 seats statutory, current 88; 54 seats allocated for proportional division among political party lists from the national vote and 36 seats allocated for candidates running in single-seat constituencies; members serve 5-year terms; parties must receive 5% of the vote to win seats in the Council)
Elections Last held on 28 November 2021 (next to be held in 2026)
Election results Percent of vote by party - AJK 17.3%, Ishenim 15%, Yntymak 12.1%, Alyans 9.2%, Butun Kyrgyzstan 7.8%, Yiman Nuru 6.8%, other 30%; seats by party - AJK 15, Ishenim 12, Yntymak 9, Alyns 7, Butun Kyrgyzstan 6, Yiman Nuru 5, other 36; composition - men 70, women 19, percentage women 21.1%
Judicial branch
Highest court(s) Supreme Court (consists of 25 judges); Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (consists of the chairperson, deputy chairperson, and 9 judges)
Judge selection and term of office Supreme Court and Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president; Supreme Court judges serve for 10 years, Constitutional Court judges serve for 15 years; mandatory retirement at age 70 for judges of both courts
Subordinate courts Higher Court of Arbitration; oblast (provincial) and city courts
Diplomatic representation in the US
Chief of mission Ambassador (vacant); (since 26 October 2024)
Chancery 2360 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
Telephone [1] (202) 449-9822
FAX [1] (202) 449-8275
Email address and website
[email protected]

Embassy of the Kyrgyz Republic in the USA and Canada (mfa.gov.kg)
Diplomatic representation from the US
Chief of mission Ambassador Lesslie VIGUERIE (since 29 December 2022)
Embassy 171 Prospect Mira, Bishkek 720016
Mailing address 7040 Bishkek Place, Washington DC  20521-7040
Telephone [996] (312) 597-000
FAX [996] (312) 597-744
Email address and website
[email protected]

https://kg.usembassy.gov/
National heritage
Total World Heritage Sites 3 (2 cultural, 1 natural)
Selected World Heritage Site locales Sulaiman-Too Sacred Mountain (c); Silk Roads: the Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor (c); Western Tien Shan (n)
Key Political parties and their leaders in Kyrgyzstan
  • International organization participation
  • ADB
  • CICA
  • CIS
  • CSTO
  • EAEU
  • EAPC
  • EBRD
  • ECO
  • EITI (compliant country)
  • FAO
  • GCTU
  • IAEA
  • IBRD
  • ICAO
  • ICC (NGOs)
  • ICRM
  • IDA
  • IDB
  • IFAD
  • IFC
  • IFRCS
  • ILO
  • IMF
  • Interpol
  • IOC
  • IOM
  • IPU
  • ISO (correspondent)
  • ITSO
  • ITU
  • MIGA
  • NAM (observer)
  • OIC
  • OPCW
  • OSCE
  • PCA
  • PFP
  • SCO
  • UN
  • UNAMID
  • UNCTAD
  • UNESCO
  • UNIDO
  • UNISFA
  • UNMIL
  • UNMISS
  • UNWTO
  • UPU
  • WCO
  • WFTU (NGOs)
  • WHO
  • WIPO
  • WMO
  • WTO
  • All Important Facts about Kyrgyzstan

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    Kyrgyzstan is found in Central Asia