Traveller's palm, zebu; national colors: red, green, white.
Title | "Ry Tanindraza nay malala o" (Oh, Our Beloved Fatherland) |
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Lyric/music | Pasteur RAHAJASON/Norbert RAHARISOA |
Date of Independence | 26 June 1960 (from France) |
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National holiday | Independence Day, 26 June (1960) |
Legal system | civil law system based on the old French civil code and customary law in matters of marriage, family, and obligation |
International law organization participation | accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction |
Constitution | |
History | Previous 1992; latest passed by referendum 17 November 2010, promulgated 11 December 2010 |
Amendments | Proposed by the president of the republic in consultation with the cabinet or supported by a least two thirds of both the Senate and National Assembly membership; passage requires at least three-fourths approval of both the Senate and National Assembly and approval in a referendum; constitutional articles, including the form and powers of government, the sovereignty of the state, and the autonomy of Madagascar’s collectivities, cannot be amended |
Citizenship | |
Citizenship by birth | no |
Citizenship by descent only | the father must be a citizen of Madagascar; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen |
Dual citizenship recognized | no |
Residency requirement for naturalization | unknown |
Executive Branch | |
Chief of state | President Andry RAJOELINA (since 16 December 2023) |
Head of government | Prime Minister Christian NTSAY (since 6 June 2018) |
Cabinet | Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister |
Elections/appointments | president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote in 2 rounds if needed for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 16 November 2023 (next to be held in November 2028); prime minister nominated by the National Assembly, appointed by the president |
Election results | 2023: Andry RAJOELINA reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Andry RAJOELINA (TGV) 59.0%, Siteny Thierry RANDRIANASOLONIAIKO 14.4%, Marc RAVALOMANANA (TIM) 12.1%, other 14.5% 2018: Andry RAJOELINA elected president in second round; percent of vote in first round - Andry RAJOELINA (TGV) 39.2%, Marc RAVALOMANANA (TIM) 35.4%, other 25.4%; percent of vote in second round - Andry RAJOELINA 55.7%, Marc RAVALOMANANA 44.3% |
Legislative branch | |
Description | BicameralĀ ParliamentĀ consists of: Senate or Antenimierandoholona (18 seats; 12 members indirectly elected by an electoral college of municipal, communal, regional, and provincial leaders and 6 appointed by the president; members serve 5-year terms) National Assembly or Antenimierampirenena (151 seats; 87 members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote and 64 directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by closed-list proportional representation vote; members serve 5-year terms) |
Elections | Senate - last held on 11 December 2020 (next to be held in December 2025) National Assembly - last held on 27 May 2019 (next to be held on 29 May 2024) |
Election results | Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; elected seats by party - Irmar 10, Malagasy Miara Miainga 2; composition - men 17, women 1, percentage women 5.6% National Assembly - percent of vote by party/coalition - IRD 55.6%, TIM 10.6%, independent 30.5%, other 3.3%; seats by party/coalition - IRD 84, TIM 16, independent 46, other 5; composition - men 123, women 28, percentage women 18.5%; total Parliament percentage women 10.7% |
Judicial branch | |
Highest court(s) | Supreme Court or Cour Supreme (consists of 11 members; addresses judicial administration issues only); High Constitutional Court or Haute Cour Constitutionnelle (consists of 9 members); High Court of Justice (consists of 11 members; addresses cases brought against the president of Madagascar and high officials for high treason, grave violations of the Constitution, or breach of duties incompatible with the exercise of the presidential mandate) |
Judge selection and term of office | Supreme Court heads elected by the president and judiciary officials to serve 3-year, single renewable terms; High Constitutional Court members appointed - 3 each by the president, by both legislative bodies, and by the Council of Magistrates; members serve single, 7-year terms; High Court of Justice members include: first president of the Supreme Court; 2 presidents from the Court of Cassation; 2 presidents from the Court of Appeal; 2 deputies from the National Assembly; 2 senators from the Senate; 2 members from the High Council for the Defense of Democracy and the State of law |
Subordinate courts | Courts of Appeal; Court of Cassation; Courts of First Instance; military courts; traditional (dina) courts; Trade Court |
Diplomatic representation in the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Amielle Pelenne NIRINIAVISOA MARCEDA (since 31 October 2019) |
Chancery | 2374 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 |
Telephone | [1] (202) 265-5525 |
FAX | [1] (202) 265-3034 |
Email address and website | [email protected] https://us-madagascar-embassy.org/ |
Diplomatic representation from the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador Claire PIERANGELO (since 2 May 2022) |
Embassy | Lot 207A, Andranoro, Antehiroka, 105 Antananarivo - Madagascar |
Mailing address | 2040 Antananarivo Place, Washington DC 20521-2040 |
Telephone | [261] 33-44-320-00 |
FAX | [261] 33-44-320-35 |
Email address and website | [email protected] https://mg.usembassy.gov/ |
National heritage | |
Total World Heritage Sites | 3 (1 cultural, 2 natural) |
Selected World Heritage Site locales | Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve (n); Ambohimanga Royal Hill (c); Atsinanana Rainforests (n) |
Want to know more about Madagascar? Check all different factbooks for Madagascar below.