Rhododendron blossom; national color: red.
Title | "Sayaun Thunga Phool Ka" (Hundreds of Flowers) |
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Lyric/music | Pradeep Kumar RAI/Ambar GURUNG |
Date of Independence | 1768 (unified by Prithvi Narayan SHAH) |
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National holiday | Constitution Day, 20 September (2015); note - marks the promulgation of Nepal’s constitution in 2015 and replaces the previous 28 May Republic Day as the official national day in Nepal; the Gregorian day fluctuates based on Nepal’s Hindu calendar |
Legal system | English common law and Hindu legal concepts; note - new criminal and civil codes came into effect on 17 August 2018 |
International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt |
Constitution | |
History | Several previous; latest approved by the Second Constituent Assembly 16 September 2015, signed by the president and effective 20 September 2015 |
Amendments | Proposed as a bill by either house of the Federal Parliament; bills affecting a state border or powers delegated to a state must be submitted to the affected state assembly; passage of such bills requires a majority vote of that state assembly membership; bills not requiring state assembly consent require at least two-thirds majority vote by the membership of both houses of the Federal Parliament; parts of the constitution on the sovereignty, territorial integrity, independence, and sovereignty vested in the people cannot be amended; amended 2016, 2020 |
Citizenship | |
Citizenship by birth | yes |
Citizenship by descent only | yes |
Dual citizenship recognized | no |
Residency requirement for naturalization | 15 years |
Executive Branch | |
Chief of state | President Ram Chandra POUDEL (since 13 March 2023) |
Head of government | Prime Minister Khadga Prasad Sharma OLI (since 15 July 2024) |
Cabinet | Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister; cabinet split between Nepali Congress, Communist Party of Nepal-Maoist Centre, and various coalition partners |
Elections/appointments | president indirectly elected by an electoral college of the Federal Parliament and of the state assemblies for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 9 March 2023 (next to be held in 2028) |
Election results | 2023: Ram Chandra POUDEL elected president; electoral college vote - Ram Chandra POUDEL (NC) 33,802, Subash Chandra NEMBANG (CPN-UML) 15,518 2018: Bidhya Devi BHANDARI reelected president; electoral vote - Bidhya Devi BHANDARI (CPN-UML) 39,275, Kumari Laxmi RAI (NC) 11,730 |
Legislative branch | |
Legislature name | Federal Parliament (Sanghiya Sansad) |
Legislative structure | Bicameral |
Judicial branch | |
Highest court(s) | Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and up to 20 judges) |
Judge selection and term of office | Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the Constitutional Council, a 5-member, high-level advisory body headed by the prime minister; other judges appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the Judicial Council, a 5-member advisory body headed by the chief justice; the chief justice serves a 6-year term; judges serve until age 65 |
Subordinate courts | High Court; district courts |
Diplomatic representation in the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Sharad Raj ARAN (since 13 November 2024) |
Chancery | 2730 34th Place NW, Washington, DC 20007 |
Telephone | [1] (202) 667-4550 |
FAX | [1] (202) 667-5534 |
Email address and website | [email protected] https://us.nepalembassy.gov.np/ |
Consulate(s) general | New York |
Diplomatic representation from the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador Dean R. THOMPSON (since October 2022) |
Embassy | Maharajgunj, Kathmandu |
Mailing address | 6190 Kathmandu Place, Washington DC 20521-6190 |
Telephone | [977] (1) 423-4000 |
FAX | [977] (1) 400-7272 |
Email address and website | [email protected] https://np.usembassy.gov/ |
National heritage | |
Total World Heritage Sites | 4 (2 cultural, 2 natural) |
Selected World Heritage Site locales | Kathmandu Valley (c); Sagarmatha National Park (n); Chitwan National Park (n); Lumbini, Buddha Birthplace (c) |
Want to know more about Nepal? Check all different factbooks for Nepal below.