The Government of Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea - Government

Based on the etymolgy of Papua New Guinea, it was the word "papua" derives from the Malay "papuah" describing the frizzy hair of the Melanesians; Spanish explorer Ynigo ORTIZ de RETEZ applied the term "Nueva Guinea" to the island of New Guinea in 1545 after noting the resemblance of the locals to the peoples of the Guinea coast of Africa. The Government system in this country is the parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy; a Commonwealth realm type and the different Administrative divisions includes: 20 provinces, 1 autonomous region*, and 1 district**; Bougainville*, Central, Chimbu, Eastern Highlands, East New Britain, East Sepik, Enga, Gulf, Hela, Jiwaka, Madang, Manus, Milne Bay, Morobe, National Capital**, New Ireland, Northern, Southern Highlands, Western, Western Highlands, West New Britain, West Sepik

National symbols

Bird of paradise; national colors: red, black.

The flag

The National flag of Papua New Guinea has divided diagonally from upper hoist-side corner; the upper triangle is red with a soaring yellow bird of paradise centered; the lower triangle is black with five, white, five-pointed stars of the Southern Cross constellation centered; red, black, and yellow are traditional colors of Papua New Guinea; the bird of paradise - endemic to the island of New Guinea - is an emblem of regional tribal culture and represents the emergence of Papua New Guinea as a nation; the Southern Cross, visible in the night sky, symbolizes Papua New Guinea's connection with Australia and several other countries in the South Pacific.

The National Anthem

Title	"O Arise All You Sons"
Lyric/music	Thomas SHACKLADY

note: adopted 1975

More about the government of Papua New Guinea

Constitution
Date of Independence	16 September 1975 (from the Australia-administered UN trusteeship)
National holiday	Independence Day, 16 September (1975)
Legal system	mixed legal system of English common law and customary law
International law organization participation	has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
History	Adopted 15 August 1975, effective at independence 16 September 1975
Amendments	Proposed by the National Parliament; passage has prescribed majority vote requirements depending on the constitutional sections being amended – absolute majority, two-thirds majority, or three-fourths majority; amended many times, last in 2016
Citizenship
Citizenship by birth	no
Citizenship by descent only	at least one parent must be a citizen of Papua New Guinea
Dual citizenship recognized	no
Residency requirement for naturalization	8 years
Executive Branch
Chief of state	King CHARLES III (since 8 September 2022); represented by Governor General Grand Chief Sir Bob DADAE (since 28 February 2017)
Head of government	Prime Minister James MARAPE (since 30 May 2019)
Cabinet	National Executive Council appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister
Elections/appointments	the monarchy is hereditary; governor general nominated by the National Parliament and appointed by the chief of state; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or majority coalition usually appointed prime minister by the governor general pending the outcome of a National Parliament vote
Election results	James MARAPE reelected prime minister; National Parliament vote - 105 out of 118
Legislative branch
Description	Unicameral National Parliament (111 seats; 89 members directly elected from single-seat open constituencies and 22 governors directly elected from 20 provincial constituencies, 1 autonomous region, and 1 district - all by instant runoff preferential vote; members serve 5-year terms)
Elections	Last held from 4-22 July 2022 (next to be held in June 2027)
Election results	Percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PANGU PATI - 39, PNC - 17, URP - 11, NAP - 6, SDP - 4, PFP - 4, PP – 4, PNGP – 3, ULP - 3, Advance PNG - 2, National Party - 2, Liberal Party - 2, AP - 1, Destiny Party - 1, Greens - 1, MAP - 1, NGP - 1, ODP - 1, PLP - 1, PMC - 1, PPP - 1, PRP - 1, THE - 1, independent - 10; composition - men 108, women 3, percentage women 2.7%
Judicial branch
Highest court(s)	Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice, deputy chief justice, 35 justices, and 5 acting justices); National Courts (consists of 13 courts located in the provincial capitals, with a total of 19 resident judges)
Judge selection and term of office	Supreme Court chief justice appointed by the governor general upon advice of the National Executive Council (cabinet) after consultation with the National Justice Administration minister; deputy chief justice and other justices appointed by the Judicial and Legal Services Commission, a 5-member body that includes the Supreme Court chief and deputy chief justices, the chief ombudsman, and a member of the National Parliament; full-time citizen judges appointed for 10-year renewable terms; non-citizen judges initially appointed for 3-year renewable terms and after first renewal can serve until age 70; appointment and tenure of National Court resident judges NA
Subordinate courts	District, village, and juvenile courts, military courts, taxation courts, coronial courts, mining warden courts, land courts, traffic courts, committal courts, grade five courts
Diplomatic representation in the US
Chief of mission	Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires Cephas KAYO (since 31 January 2018)
Chancery	1825 K Street NW, Suite 1010, Washington, DC 20006
Telephone	[1] (202) 745-3680
FAX	[1] (202) 745-3679
Email address and website	[email protected] http://www.pngembassy.org/
Diplomatic representation from the US
Chief of mission	Ambassador Ann Marie YASTISHOCK (since 22 February 2024); note - also accredited to the Solomon Islands and Vanuatu
Embassy	Harbour City Road, Konedobu, Port Moresby, NCD, Papua New Guinea
Mailing address	4240 Port Moresby Pl, Washington DC 20521-4240
Telephone	[675] 308-9100
Email address and website	[email protected] https://pg.usembassy.gov/
National heritage
Total World Heritage Sites	1 (cultural)
Selected World Heritage Site locales	Kuk Early Agricultural Site