Zimbabwe - Government
Based on the etymolgy of Zimbabwe, it was takes its name from the Kingdom of Zimbabwe (13th-15th century) and its capital of Great Zimbabwe, which was built of stone; the name Zimbabwe comes from the Bantu phrase zimba we bahwe, meaning "houses of stones;" the former name, Rhodesia, was derived from the name of British colonial administrator Cecil RHODES. The Government system in this country is the presidential republic type and the different Administrative divisions includes: 8 provinces and 2 cities* with provincial status; Bulawayo*, Harare*, Manicaland, Mashonaland Central, Mashonaland East, Mashonaland West, Masvingo, Matabeleland North, Matabeleland South, Midlands
National symbols
Zimbabwe bird symbol, African fish eagle, flame lily.
The flag
The National flag of Zimbabwe has .
Info
The National Anthem
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More about the government of Zimbabwe
| Date of Independence | 18 April 1980 (from the UK) |
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| National holiday | Independence Day, 18 April (1980) |
| Legal system | mixed system of English common law, Roman-Dutch civil law, and customary law |
| International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt |
| Constitution | |
| History | Previous 1965 (at Rhodesian independence), 1979 (Lancaster House Agreement), 1980 (at Zimbabwean independence); latest final draft completed January 2013, approved by referendum 16 March 2013, approved by Parliament 9 May 2013, effective 22 May 2013 |
| Amendment process | Proposed by the Senate or by the National Assembly; passage requires two-thirds majority vote by the membership of both houses of Parliament and assent of the president of the republic; amendments to constitutional chapters on fundamental human rights and freedoms and on agricultural lands also require approval by a majority of votes cast in a referendum |
| Citizenship | |
| Citizenship by birth | no |
| Citizenship by descent only | the father must be a citizen of Zimbabwe; in the case of a child born out of wedlock, the mother must be a citizen |
| Dual citizenship recognized | no |
| Residency requirement for naturalization | 5 years |
| Executive Branch | |
| Chief of state | President Emmerson Dambudzo MNANGAGWA (since 4 September 2023) |
| Head of government | Vice President Constantino CHIWENGA (since 11 September 2023) |
| Cabinet | Cabinet appointed by president, responsible to National Assembly |
| Election/appointment process | each presidential candidate nominated with a nomination paper signed by at least 10 registered voters (at least 1 candidate from each province) and directly elected by absolute-majority popular vote in 2 rounds, if needed, for a 5-year term (no term limits); co-vice presidents drawn from party leadership |
| Most recent election date | 23 August 2023 |
| Election results | 2023: Emmerson MNANGAGWA reelected president in first round; percent of vote - Emmerson MNANGAGWA (ZANU-PF) 52.6%, Nelson CHAMISA (MDC-T) 44%, Wilbert MUBAIWA (NPC) 1.2%, other 2.2% 2018: Emmerson MNANGAGWA elected president in first round; percent of vote - Emmerson MNANGAGWA (ZANU-PF) 50.7%, Nelson CHAMISA (MDC-T) 44.4%, Thokozani KHUPE (MDC-N) 0.9%, other 4% |
| Expected date of next election | 2028 |
| Legislative branch | |
| Legislature name | Parliament |
| Legislative structure | Bicameral |
| Judicial branch | |
| Highest court(s) | Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 4 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of the chief and deputy chief justices and 9 judges) |
| Judge selection and term of office | Supreme Court judges appointed by the president on recommendation of the Judicial Service Commission, an independent body consisting of the chief justice, Public Service Commission chairman, attorney general, and 2-3 members appointed by the president; judges normally serve until age 65 but can elect to serve until age 70; Constitutional Court judge appointment NA; judges serve nonrenewable 15-year terms |
| Subordinate courts | High Court; Labor Court; Administrative Court; regional magistrate courts; customary law courts; special courts |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | |
| Chief of mission | Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Sarah BHOROMA (since 12 November 2024) |
| Chancery | 1608 New Hampshire Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20009 |
| Telephone | [1] (202) 332-7100 |
| FAX | [1] (202) 483-9326 |
| Email address and website | [email protected] https://zimembassydc.org/ |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | |
| Chief of mission | Ambassador Pamela M. TREMONT (since August 2024) |
| Embassy | 2 Lorraine Drive, Bluffhill, Harare |
| Mailing address | 2180 Harare Place, Washington DC 20521-2180 |
| Telephone | [263] 867-701-1000 |
| FAX | [263] 24-233-4320 |
| Email address and website | [email protected] https://zw.usembassy.gov/ |
| National heritage | |
| Total World Heritage Sites | 5 (3 cultural, 2 natural) |
| Selected World Heritage Site locales | Mana Pools National Park, Sapi, and Chewore Safari Areas (n); Great Zimbabwe National Monument (c); Khami Ruins National Monument (c); Mosi-oa-Tunya/Victoria Falls (n); Matobo Hills (c) |
Key Political parties and their leaders in Zimbabwe
Info
International organization participation
All Important Facts about Zimbabwe
Want to know more about Zimbabwe? Check all different factbooks for Zimbabwe below.
