Climate | We have varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes |
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Revenue from forest resources | 0.12% of GDP (2018 est.) |
Revenue from coal | 0% of GDP (2018 est.) |
Waste and recycling | Municipal solid waste generated annually: 8,356,711 tons (2014 est.) |
Total renewable water resources | 1.88 trillion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Major rivers (by length in km) | Amazon river source (shared with Brazil [m]) - 6,400 km note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth |
Total water withdrawal | |
Municipal | 2.24 billion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Industrial | 3.51 billion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Agricultural | 32.8 billion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Air pollutants | |
Particulate matter emissions | 29.07 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.) |
Carbon dioxide emissions | 57.41 megatons (2016 est.) |
Methane emissions | 30.17 megatons (2020 est.) |
Land Use | |
Agricultural land | 18.8% (2018 est.) |
Agricultural land: arable land | arable land: 3.1% (2018 est.) |
Agricultural land: permanent crops | permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.) |
Agricultural land: permanent pasture | permanent pasture: 14.6% (2018 est.) |
Forest | 53% (2018 est.) |
Other | 28.2% (2018 est.) |
Urbanization | |
Urban population | 78.9% of total population (2023) |
Rate of urbanization | 1.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
Major urban areas (Pop) | 11.204 million LIMA (capital), 959,000 Arequipa, 904,000 Trujillo (2023). |
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