Peru - Environment
As far as the environment of Peru is concerned, there have been deforestation (some the result of illegal logging); overgrazing leading to soil erosion; desertification; air pollution in Lima; pollution of rivers and coastal waters from municipal and mining wastes; overfishing. As for nvironment - international agreements, we have; Antarctic-Environmental Protection, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands, Whaling.
About the environment of Peru
Climate We have varies from tropical in east to dry desert in west; temperate to frigid in Andes
Revenue from forest resources 0.12% of GDP (2018 est.)
Revenue from coal 0% of GDP (2018 est.)
Waste and recycling Municipal solid waste generated annually: 8,356,711 tons (2014 est.)
Total renewable water resources 1.88 trillion cubic meters (2020 est.)
Major rivers (by length in km) Amazon river source (shared with Brazil [m]) - 6,400 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Total water withdrawal
Municipal 2.24 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)
Industrial 3.51 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)
Agricultural 32.8 billion cubic meters (2020 est.)
Air pollutants
Particulate matter emissions 29.07 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.)
Carbon dioxide emissions 57.41 megatons (2016 est.)
Methane emissions 30.17 megatons (2020 est.)
Land Use
Agricultural land 18.8% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: arable land arable land: 3.1% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent crops permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent pasture permanent pasture: 14.6% (2018 est.)
Forest 53% (2018 est.)
Other 28.2% (2018 est.)
Urbanization
Urban population 78.9% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization 1.33% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas (Pop) 11.204 million LIMA (capital), 959,000 Arequipa, 904,000 Trujillo (2023).
All Important Facts about Peru

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Peru is found in South America