water pollution; inadequate supplies of potable water; water scarcity and periodic drought; wildlife populations threatened by excessive hunting; soil erosion; desertification; deforestation; loss of biodiversity
. As for nvironment - international agreements, we have; Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands.
Climate | We have hot and dry; arid desert; rainy season varies by region (April to November) |
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Revenue from forest resources | 3.01% of GDP (2018 est.) |
Revenue from coal | 0% of GDP (2018 est.) |
Waste and recycling | Municipal solid waste generated annually: 2,831,291 tons (2015 est.) |
Total renewable water resources | 37.8 billion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Major rivers (by length in km) | An Nīl (Nile) (shared with Rwanda [s], Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Egypt [m]) - 6,650 km; Blue Nile river mouth (shared with Ethiopia [s]) - 1,600 km |
Total water withdrawal | |
Municipal | 950 million cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Industrial | 80 million cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Agricultural | 25.91 billion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
Air pollutants | |
Particulate matter emissions | 21.43 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.) |
Carbon dioxide emissions | 20 megatons (2016 est.) |
Methane emissions | 75.1 megatons (2020 est.) |
Land Use | |
Agricultural land | 100% (2018 est.) |
Agricultural land: arable land | arable land: 15.7% (2018 est.) |
Agricultural land: permanent crops | permanent crops: 0.2% (2018 est.) |
Agricultural land: permanent pasture | permanent pasture: 84.2% (2018 est.) |
Forest | 0% (2018 est.) |
Other | 0% (2018 est.) |
Urbanization | |
Urban population | 36.3% of total population (2023) |
Rate of urbanization | 3.43% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
Major urban areas (Pop) | 6.344 million KHARTOUM (capital), 1.057 million Nyala (2023). |
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