Netherlands - Geography

Here, let us take a look at the Geography of Netherlands. Located at mouths of three major European rivers (Rhine (Rijn), Meuse (Maas), and Scheldt (Schelde)); about a quarter of the country lies below sea level and only about half of the land exceeds one meter above sea level. Mother's mean age at first birth is 30.2 years (2020 est.) (), whereas, the Maternal mortality ratio is 4 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

Geographical data of Netherlands
Location Western Europe, bordering the North Sea, between Belgium and Germany
Geographic coordinates 52 31 N, 5 46 E
Map references Europe
Tarrain mostly coastal lowland and reclaimed land (polders); some hills in southeast
Natural Resources natural gas, petroleum, peat, limestone, salt, sand and gravel, arable land
Natural Hazards

flooding

volcanism: Mount Scenery (887 m), located on the island of Saba in the Caribbean, last erupted in 1640; Round Hill (601 m), a dormant volcano also known as The Quill, is located on the island of St. Eustatius in the Caribbean; these islands are at the northern end of the volcanic island arc of the Lesser Antilles that extends south to Grenada
Irrigated Land 2,969 sq km (2019)
Major rivers (by length in km) Rijn (Rhine) river mouth (shared with Switzerland [s], Germany, and France) - 1,233 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Major aquifers
Land Boundaries 1,053 km
Border Countries Belgium 478 km; Germany 575 km
Coastline 451 km
Climate temperate; marine; cool summers and mild winters
Area
Total Area
Land Area 33,893 sq km
Water Area 7,650 sq km
comparative Area slightly less than twice the size of New Jersey
Maritime Claims
Territorial sea 12 nm
Contiguous zone 24 nm
Exclusive fishing zone 200 nm
Elevations
Highest point Mount Scenery (on the island of Saba in the Caribbean, now considered an integral part of the Netherlands following the dissolution of the Netherlands Antilles) 862 m
Lowest point Zuidplaspolder -7 m
Mean elevation 30 m
Land Use
Agricultural land 55.1% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: arable land arable land: 29.8% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent crops permanent crops: 1.1% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent pasture permanent pasture: 24.2% (2018 est.)
Forest 10.8% (2018 est.)
Other 34.1% (2018 est.)
Population Distribution

An area known as the Randstad, anchored by the cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, the Hague, and Utrecht, is the most densely populated region; the north tends to be less dense, though sizeable communities can be found throughout the entire country

People and Society

In Netherlands, the different Ethnic groups are such that we have: Dutch 75.4%, EU (excluding Dutch) 6.4%, Turkish 2.4%, Moroccan 2.4%, Surinamese 2.1%, Indonesian 2%, other 9.3% (2021 est.)

Population
Pop growth rate 0.39% (2024 est.)
Birth rate 10.6 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Death rate 9.7 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Health expenditure 11.1% of GDP (2020)
Physicians Density
Hospital bed Density 3.2 beds/1,000 population (2018)
Total fertility rate 1.61 children born/woman (2024 est.)
Gross reproduction rate 0.78 (2024 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate 73% (2013)
Est married women (ages 15-49) 53.7% (2023 est.)
Literacy
Education expenditures 5.3% of GDP (2020 est.)
Net Migration rate 3 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Nationality Dutch | Dutchman(men), Dutchwoman(women)
Languages
Religions Roman Catholic 20.1%, Protestant 14.8% (includes Dutch Reformed, Protestant Church of The Netherlands, Calvinist), Muslim 5%, other 5.9% (includes Hindu, Buddhist, Jewish), none 54.1% (2019 est.)
Age Structure
0-14 years 15.2% (male 1,384,142/female 1,312,455)
15-64 years 64.1% (male 5,750,034/female 5,640,691)
65 years and over 20.7% (2024 est.) (male 1,709,924/female 1,975,132)
Dependency Ratios
Total dependency ratio 54.9
Youth dependency ratio 24
Elderly dependency ratio 30.9
Potential support ratio 3.2 (2021 est.)
Median Age
Total 42.2 years (2024 est.)
Male 40.9 years
Female 43.5 years
Urbanization
Urban population 93.2% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization 0.59% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas (Pop) 1.174 million AMSTERDAM (capital), 1.018 million Rotterdam (2023).
Sex Ratio
At birth 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.87 male(s)/female
Total population 0.99 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Infant Motality
Total 3.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
Male 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births
Female 3.3 deaths/1,000 live births
Life Expectancy at birth
Total population 81.9 years (2024 est.)
Male 80.3 years
Female 83.5 years
Drinking Water Sources
Improved: urban urban: 100% of population
Improved: rural rural: 100% of population
Improved: total total: 100% of population
Unimproved: urban urban: 0% of population
Unimproved: rural rural: 0% of population
Unimproved: total total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
Sanitation facility acess
Improved: urban urban: 100% of population
Improved: rural rural: 100% of population
Improved: total total: 100% of population
Unimproved: urban urban: 0% of population
Unimproved: rural rural: 0% of population
Unimproved: total total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
Alcohol consumption per capita
Total 8.23 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Beer 3.95 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine 2.92 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits 1.36 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
Total 22.2% (2020 est.)
Male 24.4% (2020 est.)
Female 19.9% (2020 est.)
Demographic profile
All Important Facts about Netherlands

Want to know more about Netherlands? Check all different factbooks for Netherlands below.

Netherlands is found in Western Europe