Troupial (bird); national colors: yellow, blue, red.
Title | "Gloria al bravo pueblo" (Glory to the Brave People) |
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Lyric/music | Vicente SALIAS/Juan Jose LANDAETA |
Date of Independence | 5 July 1811 (from Spain) |
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National holiday | Independence Day, 5 July (1811) |
Legal system | civil law system based on the Spanish civil code |
International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction |
Constitution | |
History | Many previous; latest adopted 15 December 1999, effective 30 December 1999 |
Amendment process | Proposed through agreement by at least 39% of the National Assembly membership, by the president of the republic in session with the cabinet of ministers, or by petition of at least 15% of registered voters; passage requires simple majority vote by the Assembly and simple majority approval in a referendum |
Citizenship | |
Citizenship by birth | yes |
Citizenship by descent only | yes |
Dual citizenship recognized | yes |
Residency requirement for naturalization | 10 years; reduced to five years in the case of applicants from Spain, Portugal, Italy, or a Latin American or Caribbean country |
Executive Branch | |
Chief of state | Notification Statement: the United States does not recognize Nicolas MADURO Moros as president of Venezuela President Nicolas MADURO Moros (since 19 April 2013) |
Head of government | President Nicolas MADURO Moros (since 19 April 2013) |
Cabinet | Council of Ministers appointed by the president |
Elections/appointments | president directly elected by simple majority popular vote for a 6-year term (no term limits); election last held on 28 July 2024 (next to be held in 2030) |
Election results | 2024: official results disputed; Nicolas MADURO Moros was declared the winner by the MADURO-controlled National Electoral Council; percent of vote - Nicolas MADURO Moros (PSUV) 52%, Edmundo GONZÁLEZ Urrutia (Independent) 43.2%, Luis Eduardo MARTÍNEZ (AD) 1.2%, other 3.6% 2018: Nicolas MADURO Moros reelected president; percent of vote - Nicolas MADURO Moros (PSUV) 67.9%, Henri FALCON (AP) 20.9%, Javier BERTUCCI 10.8% |
Legislative branch | |
Legislature name | National Assembly (Asamblea Nacional) |
Legislative structure | Unicameral |
Number of seats | 277 (all directly elected) |
Electoral system | Mixed system |
Scope of elections | Full renewal |
Term in office | 5 years |
Most recent election date | 5/25/2025 |
Percentage of women in chamber | 32.1% |
Expected date of next election | May 2030 |
Judicial branch | |
Highest court(s) | Supreme Tribunal of Justice (consists of 32 judges organized into constitutional, political-administrative, electoral, civil appeals, criminal appeals, and social divisions) |
Judge selection and term of office | Judges proposed by the Committee of Judicial Postulation (an independent body of organizations dealing with legal issues and of the organs of citizen power) and appointed by the National Assembly; judges serve nonrenewable 12-year terms |
Subordinate courts | Superior or Appeals Courts (Tribunales Superiores); District Tribunals (Tribunales de Distrito); Courts of First Instance (Tribunales de Primera Instancia); Parish Courts (Tribunales de Parroquia); Justices of the Peace (Justicia de Paz) Network |
Diplomatic representation in the US | |
Diplomatic representation from the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d’Affaires John McNAMARA (since 1 February 2025); note - serves as the chief of mission of the Venezuela Affairs Unit, located in the US Embassy, Bogota |
Embassy | Venezuela Affairs Unit, US Embassy, Carrera 45 N. 24B-27, Bogota, Colombia |
Mailing address | 3140 Caracas Place, Washington DC 20521-3140 |
Telephone | 1-888-407-4747 |
Email address and website | [email protected] https://ve.usembassy.gov/ |
National heritage | |
Total World Heritage Sites | 3 (2 cultural, 1 natural) |
Selected World Heritage Site locales | Coro and its Port (c); Canaima National Park (n); Ciudad Universitaria de Caracas (c) |
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