Serbia - Geography

Here, let us take a look at the Geography of Serbia. Landlocked; controls one of the major land routes from Western Europe to Turkey and the Near East. Mother's mean age at first birth is 28.2 years (2020 est.) (Note: data does not cover Kosovo or Metohija), whereas, the Maternal mortality ratio is 10 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

Geographical data of Serbia
Location Southeastern Europe, between Macedonia and Hungary
Geographic coordinates 44 00 N, 21 00 E
Map references Europe
Tarrain extremely varied; to the north, rich fertile plains; to the east, limestone ranges and basins; to the southeast, ancient mountains and hills
Natural Resources oil, gas, coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, chromite, gold, silver, magnesium, pyrite, limestone, marble, salt, arable land
Natural Hazards destructive earthquakes
Irrigated Land 520 sq km (2020)
Major rivers (by length in km) Dunav (Danube) (shared with Germany [s], Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 km
note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth
Major aquifers
Land Boundaries 2,322 km
Border Countries Bosnia and Herzegovina 345 km; Bulgaria 344 km; Croatia 314 km; Hungary 164 km; Kosovo 366 km; North Macedonia 101 km; Montenegro 157 km; Romania 531 km
Coastline 0 km (landlocked)
Climate in the north, continental climate (cold winters and hot, humid summers with well-distributed rainfall); in other parts, continental and Mediterranean climate (relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall and hot, dry summers and autumns)
Area
Total Area
Land Area 77,474 sq km
Water Area 0 sq km
comparative Area slightly smaller than South Carolina
Maritime Claims
Elevations
Highest point Midzor 2,169 m
Lowest point Danube and Timok Rivers 35 m
Mean elevation 442 m
Land Use
Agricultural land 57.9% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: arable land arable land: 37.7% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent crops permanent crops: 3.4% (2018 est.)
Agricultural land: permanent pasture permanent pasture: 16.8% (2018 est.)
Forest 31.6% (2018 est.)
Other 10.5% (2018 est.)
Population Distribution

A fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations

People and Society

In Serbia, the different Ethnic groups are such that we have: Serb 83.3%, Hungarian 3.5%, Romani 2.1%, Bosniak 2%, other 5.7%, undeclared or unknown 3.4% (2011 est.)

Population
Pop growth rate -0.61% (2024 est.)
Birth rate 8.8 births/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Death rate 14.9 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Health expenditure 8.7% of GDP (2020)
Physicians Density
Hospital bed Density 5.6 beds/1,000 population (2017)
Total fertility rate 1.46 children born/woman (2024 est.)
Gross reproduction rate 0.71 (2024 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate 62.3% (2019)
Est married women (ages 15-49) 60.8% (2023 est.)
Literacy age 15 and over can read and write
Education expenditures 3.6% of GDP (2019 est.)
Net Migration rate 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.)
Nationality Serbian | Serb(s)
Languages
Religions Orthodox 84.6%, Catholic 5%, Muslim 3.1%, Protestant 1%, atheist 1.1%, other 0.8% (includes agnostics, other Christians, Eastern, Jewish), undeclared or unknown 4.5% (2011 est.)
Age Structure
0-14 years 14.4% (male 492,963/female 463,995)
15-64 years 65.6% (male 2,198,591/female 2,168,113)
65 years and over 20% (2024 est.) (male 551,197/female 777,353)
Dependency Ratios
Total dependency ratio 53.8
Youth dependency ratio 21.9
Elderly dependency ratio 31.9
Potential support ratio 3.1 (2021 est.)
Median Age
Total 43.9 years (2024 est.)
Male 42.4 years
Female 45.4 years
Urbanization
Urban population 57.1% of total population (2023)
Rate of urbanization 0.04% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas (Pop) 1.408 million BELGRADE (capital) (2023).
Sex Ratio
At birth 1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years 1.01 male(s)/female
65 years and over 0.71 male(s)/female
Total population 0.95 male(s)/female (2024 est.)
Infant Motality
Total 4.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.)
Male 5.1 deaths/1,000 live births
Female 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births
Life Expectancy at birth
Total population 75.3 years (2024 est.)
Male 72.7 years
Female 78.1 years
Drinking Water Sources
Improved: urban urban: 99.7% of population
Improved: rural rural: 99.4% of population
Improved: total total: 99.5% of population
Unimproved: urban urban: 0.3% of population
Unimproved: rural rural: 0.6% of population
Unimproved: total total: 0.5% of population (2020 est.)
Sanitation facility acess
Improved: urban urban: 99.6% of population
Improved: rural rural: 95.7% of population
Improved: total total: 97.9% of population
Unimproved: urban urban: 0.4% of population
Unimproved: rural rural: 4.3% of population
Unimproved: total total: 2.1% of population (2020 est.)
Major Infectious diseases
Degree of risk intermediate (2023)
Food or waterborne diseases bacterial diarrhea
Alcohol consumption per capita
Total 7.45 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Beer 3.24 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Wine 1.62 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Spirits 2.37 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Other alcohols 0.22 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
Total 39.8% (2020 est.)
Male 40.5% (2020 est.)
Female 39.1% (2020 est.)
Child marriage
Women married by age 15 1.2%
Women married by age 18 5.5% (2019 est.)
Demographic profile
All Important Facts about Serbia

Want to know more about Serbia? Check all different factbooks for Serbia below.

Serbia is found in Southeast Europe