Serbia - Geography
Here, let us take a look at the Geography of Serbia. Landlocked; controls one of the major land routes from Western Europe to Turkey and the Near East. Mother's mean age at first birth is 28.2 years (2020 est.) (Note: data does not cover Kosovo or Metohija), whereas, the Maternal mortality ratio is 11 deaths/100,000 live births (2023 est.)
Geographical data of Serbia
| Location | Southeastern Europe, between Macedonia and Hungary |
|---|---|
| Geographic coordinates | 44 00 N, 21 00 E |
| Map references | Europe |
| Tarrain | extremely varied; to the north, rich fertile plains; to the east, limestone ranges and basins; to the southeast, ancient mountains and hills |
| Natural Resources | oil, gas, coal, iron ore, copper, zinc, antimony, chromite, gold, silver, magnesium, pyrite, limestone, marble, salt, arable land |
| Natural Hazards | destructive earthquakes |
| Irrigated Land | 550 sq km (2022) |
| Major rivers (by length in km) | Dunav (Danube) (shared with Germany [s], Austria, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, Bulgaria, Ukraine, Moldova, and Romania [m]) - 2,888 km note: [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth |
| Major aquifers | |
| Land Boundaries | 2,322 km |
| Border Countries | Bosnia and Herzegovina 345 km; Bulgaria 344 km; Croatia 314 km; Hungary 164 km; Kosovo 366 km; North Macedonia 101 km; Montenegro 157 km; Romania 531 km |
| Coastline | 0 km (landlocked) |
| Climate | in the north, continental climate (cold winters and hot, humid summers with well-distributed rainfall); in other parts, continental and Mediterranean climate (relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall and hot, dry summers and autumns) |
| Area | |
| Total Area | |
| Land Area | 77,474 sq km |
| Water Area | 0 sq km |
| comparative Area | slightly smaller than South Carolina |
| Maritime Claims | |
| Elevations | |
| Highest point | Midzor 2,169 m |
| Lowest point | Danube and Timok Rivers 35 m |
| Mean elevation | 442 m |
| Land Use | |
| Agricultural land | 40.4% (2023 est.) |
| Agricultural land: arable land | arable land: 31% (2023 est.) |
| Agricultural land: permanent crops | permanent crops: 2.5% (2023 est.) |
| Agricultural land: permanent pasture | permanent pasture: 6.6% (2023 est.) |
| Forest | 40.4% (2023 est.) |
| Other | 27.2% (2023 est.) |
Population Distribution
A fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations
People and Society
In Serbia, the different Ethnic groups are such that we have: Serb 83.3%, Hungarian 3.5%, Romani 2.1%, Bosniak 2%, other 5.7%, undeclared or unknown 3.4% (2011 est.)
| Population | |
|---|---|
| Pop growth rate | -0.61% (2024 est.) |
| Birth rate | 8.8 births/1,000 population (2024 est.) |
| Death rate | 14.9 deaths/1,000 population (2024 est.) |
| Health expenditure | |
| Physicians Density | |
| Hospital bed Density | 5.4 beds/1,000 population (2020 est.) |
| Total fertility rate | 1.46 children born/woman (2024 est.) |
| Gross reproduction rate | 0.71 (2024 est.) |
| Contraceptive prevalence rate | |
| Est married women (ages 15-49) | 60.8% (2023 est.) |
| Literacy | |
| Education expenditures | |
| Net Migration rate | 0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2024 est.) |
| Nationality | Serbian | Serb(s) |
| Languages | |
| Religions | Orthodox 84.6%, Catholic 5%, Muslim 3.1%, Protestant 1%, atheist 1.1%, other 0.8% (includes agnostics, other Christians, Eastern, Jewish), undeclared or unknown 4.5% (2011 est.) |
| Age Structure | |
| 0-14 years | 14.4% (male 492,963/female 463,995) |
| 15-64 years | 65.6% (male 2,198,591/female 2,168,113) |
| 65 years and over | 20% (2024 est.) (male 551,197/female 777,353) |
| Dependency Ratios | |
| Total dependency ratio | 52.3 (2024 est.) |
| Youth dependency ratio | 21.9 (2024 est.) |
| Elderly dependency ratio | 30.4 (2024 est.) |
| Potential support ratio | 3.3 (2024 est.) |
| Median Age | |
| Total | 43.9 years (2024 est.) |
| Male | 42.4 years |
| Female | 45.4 years |
| Urbanization | |
| Urban population | 57.1% of total population (2023) |
| Rate of urbanization | 0.04% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Major urban areas (Pop) | 1.408 million BELGRADE (capital) (2023). |
| Sex Ratio | |
| At birth | 1.06 male(s)/female |
| 0-14 years | 1.06 male(s)/female |
| 15-64 years | 1.01 male(s)/female |
| 65 years and over | 0.71 male(s)/female |
| Total population | 0.95 male(s)/female (2024 est.) |
| Infant Motality | |
| Total | 4.5 deaths/1,000 live births (2024 est.) |
| Male | 5.1 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Female | 3.9 deaths/1,000 live births |
| Life Expectancy at birth | |
| Total population | 75.3 years (2024 est.) |
| Male | 72.7 years |
| Female | 78.1 years |
| Drinking Water Sources | |
| Improved: urban | urban: 95.4% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: rural | rural: 96.1% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: total | total: 95.7% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: urban | urban: 4.6% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: rural | rural: 3.9% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: total | total: 4.3% of population (2022 est.) |
| Sanitation facility acess | |
| Improved: urban | urban: 99.7% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: rural | rural: 95.6% of population (2022 est.) |
| Improved: total | total: 97.9% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: urban | urban: 0.3% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: rural | rural: 4.4% of population (2022 est.) |
| Unimproved: total | total: 2.1% of population (2022 est.) |
| Alcohol consumption per capita | |
| Total | 7.45 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Beer | 3.24 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Wine | 1.62 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Spirits | 2.37 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Other alcohols | 0.22 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.) |
| Tobacco use | |
| Total | 36% (2025 est.) |
| Male | 37.8% (2025 est.) |
| Female | 34.5% (2025 est.) |
| Child marriage | |
| Women married by age 15 | 1.2% (2019) |
| Women married by age 18 | 5.5% (2019) |
Demographic profile
All Important Facts about Serbia
Want to know more about Serbia? Check all different factbooks for Serbia below.
