Indonesia - Environment
As far as the environment of Indonesia is concerned, there have been large-scale deforestation (much of it illegal) and related wildfires cause heavy smog; over-exploitation of marine resources; environmental problems associated with rapid urbanization and economic development, including air pollution, traffic congestion, garbage management, and reliable water and waste water services; water pollution from industrial wastes, sewage. As for nvironment - international agreements, we have; Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 2006, Wetlands.
About the environment of Indonesia
| Climate | We have tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in highlands |
|---|---|
| Revenue from forest resources | 0.39% of GDP (2018 est.) |
| Revenue from coal | 1.06% of GDP (2018 est.) |
| Waste and recycling | Municipal solid waste generated annually: 65.2 million tons (2016 est.) |
| Total renewable water resources | 2.02 trillion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
| Major rivers (by length in km) | Sepik (shared with Papua New Guinea [s]) - 1,126 km; Fly (shared with Papua New Guinea [s]) - 1,050 km note – [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth |
| Total water withdrawal | |
| Municipal | 23.8 billion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
| Industrial | 9.14 billion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
| Agricultural | 189.7 billion cubic meters (2020 est.) |
| Air pollutants | |
| Particulate matter emissions | 19.34 micrograms per cubic meter (2019 est.) |
| Carbon dioxide emissions | 563.32 megatons (2016 est.) |
| Methane emissions | 244.5 megatons (2020 est.) |
| Land Use | |
| Agricultural land | 31.2% (2018 est.) |
| Agricultural land: arable land | arable land: 13% (2018 est.) |
| Agricultural land: permanent crops | permanent crops: 12.1% (2018 est.) |
| Agricultural land: permanent pasture | permanent pasture: 6.1% (2018 est.) |
| Forest | 51.7% (2018 est.) |
| Other | 17.1% (2018 est.) |
| Urbanization | |
| Urban population | 58.6% of total population (2023) |
| Rate of urbanization | 1.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.) |
| Major urban areas (Pop) | 11.249 million JAKARTA (capital), 3.729 million Bekasi, 3.044 million Surabaya, 3.041 million Depok, 2.674 million Bandung, 2.514 million Tangerang (2023). |
All Important Facts about Indonesia
Want to know more about Indonesia? Check all different factbooks for Indonesia below.
