Garuda (mythical bird); national colors: red, white.
Title | "Indonesia Raya" (Great Indonesia) |
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Lyric/music | Wage Rudolf SOEPRATMAN |
Date of Independence | 17 August 1945 (declared independence from the Netherlands) |
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National holiday | Independence Day, 17 August (1945) |
Legal system | civil law system based on the Roman-Dutch model and influenced by customary law |
International law organization participation | has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt |
Constitution | |
History | Drafted July to August 1945, effective 18 August 1945, abrogated by 1949 and 1950 constitutions; 1945 constitution restored 5 July 1959 |
Amendments | Proposed by the People’s Consultative Assembly, with at least two thirds of its members present; passage requires simple majority vote by the Assembly membership; constitutional articles on the unitary form of the state cannot be amended; amended several times, last in 2002 |
Citizenship | |
Citizenship by birth | no |
Citizenship by descent only | at least one parent must be a citizen of Indonesia |
Dual citizenship recognized | no |
Residency requirement for naturalization | 5 continuous years |
Executive Branch | |
Chief of state | President PRABOWO Subianto Djojohadikusumo (since 20 October 2024) |
Head of government | President PRABOWO Subianto Djojohadikusumo (since 20 October 2024) |
Cabinet | Cabinet appointed by the president |
Elections/appointments | president and vice president directly elected by absolute majority popular vote for a 5-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 14 February 2024 (next to be held in 2029) |
Election results | 2024: PRABOWO Subianto elected president (assumes office 20 October 2024); percent of vote - PRABOWO Subianto (GERINDRA) 58.6%, Anies Rasyid BASWEDAN (Independent) 24.9%, GANJAR Pranowo (PDI-P) 16.5% 2019: Joko WIDODO reelected president; percent of vote - Joko WIDODO (PDI-P) 55.5%, PRABOWO Subianto Djojohadikusumo (GERINDRA) 44.5% |
Legislative branch | |
Description | Bicameral People's Consultative Assembly or Majelis Permusyawaratan Rakyat (MPR) consists of: Regional Representative Council or Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (136 seats; non-partisan members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies - 4 each from the country's 34 electoral districts - by proportional representation vote to serve 5-year terms); note - the Regional Representative Council has no legislative authority House of Representatives or Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (580 seats; members directly elected in multi-seat constituencies by single non-transferable vote to serve 5-year terms) |
Elections | Regional Representative Council - last held on 14 February 2024 (next to be held in 2029) House of Representatives - last held on 14 February 2024 (next to be held in 2029) |
Election results | Regional Representative Council - all seats elected on a non-partisan basis; composition - men 102, women 34, percentage women 25% House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - PDI-P 16.7%, Golkar 15.3%, Gerindra 13.2%, PKB 10.6%, Nasdem 9.7%, PKS 8.4%, PD 7.4%, PAN 7.2%; other 11.5% (10 additional parties received votes); seats by party - PDI-P 110, Golkar 102, Gerindra 86, PKB 68, Nasdem 69, PKS 53, PD 44, PAN 48; composition - men 449, women 126, percentage women 21.9%; total People's Consultative Assembly percentage women NA |
Judicial branch | |
Highest court(s) | Supreme Court or Mahkamah Agung (51 judges divided into 8 chambers); Constitutional Court or Mahkamah Konstitusi (consists of 9 judges) |
Judge selection and term of office | Supreme Court judges nominated by Judicial Commission, appointed by president with concurrence of parliament; judges serve until retirement at age 65; Constitutional Court judges - 3 nominated by president, 3 by Supreme Court, and 3 by parliament; judges appointed by the president; judges serve until mandatory retirement at age 70 |
Subordinate courts | High Courts of Appeal, district courts, religious courts |
Diplomatic representation in the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Ida Bagus Made BIMANTARA (since 30 November 2023) |
Chancery | 2020 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036 |
Telephone | [1] (202) 775-5200 |
FAX | [1] (202) 775-5236 |
Email address and website | [email protected] Embassy of The Republic of Indonesia, in Washington D.C., The United States of America (kemlu.go.id) |
Consulate(s) general | Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco |
Diplomatic representation from the US | |
Chief of mission | Ambassador (vacant); Chargé d'Affaires Michael F. KLEINE (since 20 November 2023) |
Embassy | Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No. 3-5, Jakarta 10110 |
Mailing address | 8200 Jakarta Place, Washington DC 20521-8200 |
Telephone | [62] (21) 5083-1000 |
FAX | [62] (21) 385-7189 |
Email address and website | [email protected] https://id.usembassy.gov/ |
Consulate(s) general | Surabaya |
Consulate(s) | Medan |
National heritage | |
Total World Heritage Sites | 10 (6 cultural, 4 natural) |
Selected World Heritage Site locales | Borobudur Temple Compounds (c); Komodo National Park (n); Prambanan Temple Compounds (c); Ujung Kulon National Park (n); Sangiran Early Man Site (c); Lorentz National Park (n); Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra (n); Cultural Landscape of Bali Province (c); Ombilin Coal Mining Heritage of Sawahlunto (c); Cosmological Axis of Yogyakarta and its Historic Landmarks (c) |
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